{"id":3736,"date":"2013-01-01T13:16:24","date_gmt":"2013-01-01T18:16:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gochemless.com\/?p=3049"},"modified":"2022-10-24T20:56:32","modified_gmt":"2022-10-24T20:56:32","slug":"haloacetic-acids-in-swimming-pools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/swimming-pool-news-and-tips-blog\/haloacetic-acids-in-swimming-pools\/","title":{"rendered":"Haloacetic Acids in Swimming Pools."},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Haloacetic Acids in Swimming Pools.<\/h1>\n<p>For the first time, the exposure of swimmers and workers to haloacetic acids (HAAs) in indoor and outdoor pools was evaluated through the analysis of urine samples. The subjects of this study, 49 volunteers, were male and female workers as well as swimmers (adults and children) who regularly attended an indoor pool (January\u2013June) and an outdoor one (July and August). The results showed that HAAs appeared 20\u201330 min after exposure and were eliminated within 3 h. After 2 h exposure, urine samples taken from workers contained dichloroacetic (DCAA) and trichloroacetic (TCAA) acids at <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>300 and <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>120 ng\/L levels since HAAs were aerosolized in the indoor ambient, whereas only DCAA was found in some workers\u2019 urine samples from the outdoor pool but at <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>50 ng\/L levels, despite the fact that the outdoor pools generally had somewhat higher levels of HAAs than the indoor pools. After 1 h swimming TCAA, DCAA and MCAA were present at concentrations of <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>4400, <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>2300, and <img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>560 ng\/L, respectively, in the swimmers\u2019 urine in the indoor pool; similar results were obtained from the swimmers in the outdoor pool due to accidental ingestion. Finally, exposure estimates indicate that ingestion is the major route of exposure (<img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>94%), followed by inhalation (<img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>5%) and dermal contribution (<img src=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/appl\/literatum\/publisher\/achs\/journals\/entities\/223C.gif\" alt=\"\" align=\"bottom\" \/>1%).<\/p>\n<div id=\"authors\">M. J. Cardador and M. Gallego <a href=\"http:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/abs\/10.1021\/es103959d?prevSearch=%255BAbstract%253A%2Bhaloacetic%255D&amp;searchHistoryKey=#cor1\">*<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"doi\">Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Rabanales, University of C\u00f3rdoba, E-14071 C\u00f3rdoba, Spain<cite>Environ. Sci. Technol.<\/cite>, 2011, 45 (13), pp 5783\u20135790 <strong>DOI: <\/strong>10.1021\/es103959d<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"pubDate\">Publication Date (Web): June 7, 2011<\/div>\n<div id=\"artCopyright\">Copyright \u00a9 2011 American Chemical Society<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Haloacetic Acids in Swimming Pools. For the first time, the exposure of swimmers and workers to haloacetic acids (HAAs) in indoor and outdoor pools was evaluated through the analysis of urine samples. The subjects of this study, 49 volunteers, were male and female workers as well as swimmers (adults and children) who regularly attended an &hellip; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/swimming-pool-news-and-tips-blog\/haloacetic-acids-in-swimming-pools\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Haloacetic Acids in Swimming Pools.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3772,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[68],"tags":[175,176],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3736"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3736"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3870,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3736\/revisions\/3870"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3772"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.brandon.ddtest.info\/gochemless\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}